Verticalização de Molares Inferiores
Resumo
Palavras-chave: Molares impactados, molares inclinados, Ortodontia, verticalização de molares, mini-implantes.
Abstract: Nowadays, it has increased the search for orthodontic treatment among adult population and its even more necessary for professionals being prepared to face the chalenges that may appear by this situation, considering limitant factors that may lead to treatment failure. Early loss of first permanent molars in adult patients is usually observed in dental offices, and may cause inclination and migration of second and/or third molars to the prosthetic space, damaging the whole stomatognatic system, also difficulting the maloclusion treatment. Second molars impaction is a relatively rare anomaly, and its real incidence unknown. May be already observed at age of 12, correct time of eruption of these teeth. Molars verticalizing movement, without producing its extrusion, is very difficult to get and, frequently, leads to premature contacts and bite opening. Should be used therapies that permit an efficient control and that have well defined teoric basis, with minimum undesirable effects. This study had as objective to reach relevant factors related to molars uprighting, as in impaction situations as in mesial movement of molars already erupted. Etiology, consequences, possible advantages of a successful treatment and some kinds of treatment were studied to permit the professional join information to take consistent and well based decisions to define the best treatment plan. About the advantages of successsful uprighting procedure, it was observed higher facility in toothbrushing, correct pilars preparation, better pontic shape, elimination or reduction of periodontal lesions, better crown/root proportion, appropriate space for implants and correct occlusal contact, avoiding extrusion. About uprighting techniques, it was seen in literature many effective combinations, since the most frequent, as uprighting springs or cantilevers, until the most recent alternatives, that include miniscrews as anchorage.
Keywords: Impacted molars, inclined molars, orthodontics, molars uprighting, miniscrews.
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